Understanding The Ravishing Love Of God - 1276 Words

I have always struggled with understanding the ravishing love of God. Growing up, I constantly struggled with two demons: anxiety and depression. In isolation, everything was fine, I felt safe. As soon as something pushed me from the safety of solitude, Anxiety came. He nuzzled his dark face between my shoulder and neck. He forced my face onto his, so that my ear pressed painfully against his gray lips, the sound from his voice blocking out all other voices, including God’s. Stay here. It’s safe. He dug his talons into my stomach and he slowly wrapped me into his bitter cold body. I couldn’t move. Depression, a close companion of anxiety, entered, covering my shivering body in a blanket nearly as black as hell. â€Å"Christians don’t really struggle with depression.† I can’t remember when I first heard someone say this, but it stuck with me. I tried to do everything I could to block out the thoughts that kept telling me to kill myself. I filled my day with religious rituals; I read the Bible cover to cover, prayed, and memorized scripture. Despite my best efforts, I constantly felt like God looked at me in disappointment. I resorted to self-gratification. I thrived on the approval of others. I tried to let their words of affirmation drown my own self-deprecating thoughts. God, in His sovereignty, used this attempt to build up myself, to bring me to my knees before Him. People always affirmed my skill of taking care of children. This is something I also felt that I exceededShow MoreRelatedBatter My Heart By John Donne1418 Words   |  6 Pages I picked this poem because I really like it and I find the imagery intriguing, but I knew I was not understanding all of what Donne was saying in the poem. I could tell that if I understood these particular lines, the meaning of the poem would be richer and more meaningful. I have achieved my goal, and think I have a better grasp on what Donne was getting at than I did before. â€Å"Batter my heart† is one of Donne’s religious sonnets with 14 lines. His rhyme scheme is ABBA ABBA CDCD EE, which isRead MoreAnalysis On Being Human Essay942 Words   |  4 Pagesneeding the added senses enjoyed by more sensate humankind. Some readers may be reminded here of the fierce battles between the angels and demons of Milton or the arrows of desire of Blake. Indeed the nature of love and its forms was thoroughly explored and analysed elsewhere in the Four Loves by C.S. Lewis himself. As he outlines his argument in the next few lines, readers are left wondering which way Lewis is going to go with this. They may wonder which dimension of experience the poet will say isRead MoreEssay about A Critical Review of F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby1555 Words   |  7 Pagescentralize the theme. Fitzgerald uses the contemporary public as a core of life for his characters. Gatsby’s intent to win a love from his past by the display of lavish possessions results in annihilation. He was doomed from the beginning by his avaricious wishful thinking. Gatsby’s approach to attain his goal was encumbered by immoral manners. The way he made money, tried to find love, and lived his life were all completely selfless, yet unjust. His bootlegging business earned him millions but alsoRead MoreThe Pill On My Sexy Teacher2120 Words   |  9 PagesIt s been a week now since I used the pinkish pill on my sexy teacher. Don t get me wrong, I enjoy ravishing my teacher s body repeatedly everyday -at every position imaginable, but her behaviors a little over possessive. I sat down on the recliner listening to some pop music on television. My eyes glaze on the luscious ladies bouncing their ass wildly for my view. The phone rang, but I m too occupied to even bother picking it up. Katie yell from the kitchen. Big bro, are you going toRead MoreGeneral Reflection : My Family2027 Words   |  9 Pagesand display integrity. My grandmother also would tell us stories about her mother and father, and how she grew up, often referencing the strong individuals from which we came. My grandmother was a very religious woman, and would speak of the way that GOD has and will continue to provide because of the prayers of our ancestors. My grandmother wanted us to know that we were different from other ethnic groups because we were African American, strong people who have endured, this was my first sense of selfRead More Zechariah Essay3203 Words   |  13 PagesTemple, and God‘s people. Chapter 11 verses 4-17, which is a story of two shepherds, is one of the most difficult passages in the Old Testament to understand. From the New Living Translation, the passage reads as follows: 4 This is what the LORD my God says: quot;Go and care for a flock that is intended for sla ughter. 5 The buyers will slaughter their sheep without remorse. The sellers will say, Praise the LORD, I am now rich! Even the shepherds have no compassion for them. 6 And likewise, I willRead MoreGeneral Reflection : My Family2023 Words   |  9 Pagesand display integrity. My grandmother also would tell us stories about her mother and father, and how she grew up, often referencing the strong individuals from which we came. My grandmother was a very religious woman and would speak of the way that GOD has and will continue to provide because of the prayers of our ancestors. My grandmother wanted us to know that we were different from other ethnic groups because we were African American, 3strong people who have endured, this was my first sense ofRead More Hinduism Essay4899 Words   |  20 PagesTheir ancient teacher Brihaspati affirmed the importance of the senses, maintaining that sustenance and love are the objects of human life. For the materialists the Vedas are a cheat. If blessings are obtained through sacrifices and the victims ascend to heaven, why do not children sacrifice their parents? How can fasting, begging, penance, and exposure to the elements be compared to the ravishing embraces of women with large eyes and prominent breasts? The pleasures of life are no more to be avoided

Environmental Art Essay - 1120 Words

Environmental art is a genre of art that was established in the late 1960’s and it was created by things found in nature to make a piece of art. Some of the the environmental art would be so large in size, that it would be considered to be monumental. This kind of art can not be moved without destroying it, and the climate and weather can change it. There are many reasons why an artist would create an environmental work of art, such as : to address environmental issues affecting earth today, to show things that could be powered by nature or be interactive with natural phenomenon (like lighting or earthquakes), or to show how people can co-exist with nature, or maybe use it as a means to help restore ecosystems in an aesthetic way.†¦show more content†¦Michael Hiezer’s piece, â€Å"Double negative† was built in Nevada, near the Mormon mesa. According to Double negative, â€Å"The trenches line up across a large gap formed by the natural shape of the mesa edge. Including this open area across the gap, the trenches together measure 1,500 feet long, 50 feet deep, and 30 feet wide.† Heizer just simply subtracted earth to create this work, he took away earth to create the two trenches and thus, creating negative space, and that is how he created a â€Å"double negative.† This piece was considered to be one of the first works to start the earth art movement. This piece was created to help show people how the earth can relate to art. Heizer’s piece â€Å"the city† is still a work in progress and has been a life-long project that is somewhere in the Nevada Desert. The site can not be visited by people yet since Heizer is still working on it. He is using â€Å"The complexes are made mostly of earth, and were inspired in part by Native American traditions of mound-building and the ancient cities of Central and South America.† Heizer states in regards to the City as, â€Å"Im building this work for l ater. Im interested in making a work of art that will represent all the civilization to this point.† Walter de Maria was born in California in 1935. He studied history and art at UC Berkeley, and then went to New York in 1960. His early art was made from industrial materials to make minimalist art. In the late 1960’s, he started toShow MoreRelatedThe Environmental Art Exhibition Entitled Earthworks 1358 Words   |  6 Pagesconcern about the ecological issues. This ultimately resulted in the debates about the role of art in ecology- should artists take some actions towards solving some of the ecological issues? The transition and debates are being discussed regarding the examples of Robert Smithson’s and Tattfoo Tan’s work. What is ecology? According to Jacob Weiner (1998), it has two meanings: attitude to the environmental issues and a scientific field- area of biology that deals with abundance and distribution ofRead MoreHow The Three Artists ( Michelle Lougee, Andy Goldsworthy, And Hermannsburg Potters2409 Words   |  10 Pagesintentions of this essay is to compare and contrast how the three artists (Michelle Lougee, Andy Goldsworthy, and Hermannsburg Potters) use their materials to communicate ideas about the natural environment. Michelle Lougee is a very famous environmental artist, sculptor, and ceramist. She is a member of the Boston Sculptors Gallery, and her artwork has been shown in many New England museum exhibits. She also teaches sculpture, ceramics, pottery, and drawing to adults and children at various localRead MoreEssay about ansel adams1072 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscovery in 1839 to a serious and viable form of art today. Photography allows the artist to capture what he sees. The image produced is reality to the artists eye, it can only be manipulated with light and angles. The photograph is a very powerful medium. The French painter Paul Delaroche exclaimed upon seeing an early photograph â€Å"from now on, painting is dead!† (Sayre, 2000). Many critics did not take photography seriously as a legitimate art form until the 20th century. With the advances in technologyRead MoreAnsel Adams Photographer and Artist Essay example1128 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscovery in 1839 to a serious and viable form of art today. Photography allows the artist to capture what he sees. The image produced is reality to the artists eye, it can only be manipulated with light and angles. The photograph is a very powerful medium. The French painter Paul Delaroche exclaimed upon seeing an early photograph from now on, painting is dead! (Sayre, 2000). Many critics did not take photography seriously as a legitimate art form until the 20th century. With the advancesRead MoreThe Art Scene Of Tucson, And All Over The World918 Words   |  4 PagesCreativity and art is becoming such a rising normality in our everyday culture. A new mural with a political statement is popping up every other week. A person visiting the local pizza joint downtown can look up on the wall and see a piece of art with a price tag next to it. A local artist painted it and where else to get public attention than Brooklyn Pizza, in the heart of buzzing downtown. The art scene is growing quickly, and thanks to the creative means, so is the opportunity for aspiring artistsRead MoreAnalysis of the Painting Great Detonators by Acamonchi830 Words   |  3 PagesContemporary art is the art created in the present time. Today, artists affected by the social context and personal experiences reproduce pieces of art that question or make a point about controversial issues in our society. A great example is the painting created in 2006 called Great Detonators (â€Å"Grandes Detonadores†) by the Mexican artist Acamonchi. The painting is located in the exhibition The Very large Array: San Diego/ Tijuana Artist in the Peter C. Farrell Gallery inside the Museum of ContemporaryRead MoreWhen I Was In The Middle School, The Physics Teacher Introduced1100 Words   |  5 Pagestracks they choose. Also, in China students cannot change majors after being admitted to universities; most students will study majors so that they can find jobs more easily, can earn higher salary, or can inherit parents’ business. For example, Environmental Engineering and Computer Science are popular choices. However, all these choices are somehow forced; almost all students lack the same thing towards their career choice, passion. I asked many friends who are attending universities in China now;Read MoreNature And Landscape : Allen Carlson993 Words   |  4 PagesIn Nature Landscape: An Introduction to Environmental Aesthetics, Allen Carlson proposes that scientific knowledge can enhance our aesthetic appreciation of the natural world. He draws a connection between technical know-how used in the context of natural landscapes and art history or criticism in the context of conventional art forms. In either case, the viewer would find relatively more meaningful experiences of aesthetic appreciation than if one looked at a painting or landscape without anyRead MoreEcological Art And Its Effects On America And The Impact On The Entire Globe1473 Words   |  6 Pages0 global hectares. The environmental issues are severe in America and the impact the entire globe. Ecological art is an artistic movement to raise awareness and fight against the environmental damages caused by humans. Ecological art is an artistic movement to raise awareness and fight against the environmental damages caused by humans. This genre of art started in the 1990’s and uses practices from the 1960’s. The art practice works to preserve, reverse, stop environmental damage, or vitalize theRead MoreLiterary Analysis : Unicorn By Bronwyn Oliver, Christo And Jeanne Claude1512 Words   |  7 Pages Each artwork contains a specific meaning which is usually based on the artist s beliefs, culture, identity and the nature surrounding us. Rona Rubuntja from the Hermannsburg Potters, Bronwyn Oliver, Christo and Jeanne Claude each presented their art in different forms but they all communicate meanings and ideas to the audience. Rona Rubuntja who is a senior member of the Hermannsburg Potters and her famous pottery work ‘I m Black’ for the exhibition ‘Our Land is Alive’ at the National Gallery

The Efficient Management Of An Organization Conflict

Present day organizations operate in a chaotic environment where they often look for actions that will enable them to advance their competitiveness and performance. In both our private and professional life, conflict is unavoidable. Though some of us try to evade conflict, it is quiet impossible. It is completely normal to desire to evade conflict. The efficient management of an organization conflict entails an indulgent of the basis and nature of the conflict in the workplace. Conflicts frequently come about because of view of mismatched interests between employees. Prudently, it is worth focusing on interpersonal conflicts, resolutions and the outcomes of such conflicts. Organizational conflicts can be termed as a disparity by individuals or groups within the workplace, ranging from allocation of resources and separation of responsibility to the general direction of the organization. Interpersonal conflict entails conflict between two or more persons and is possibly the most familiar and most known conflict. Two managers competing for scarce capital and labor resources is a perfect example of interpersonal conflict. Since resources of an organization are limited due to budgets and position restraint, only one of them can get resources. Interpersonal conflict may also arise from disagreement over the objectives and goals to be adopted by the organization (Chand, 2013). In order to curb the interpersonal conflict, certain approaches can assist in help resolve anShow MoreRelatedThe Scientific Principles Of Management838 Words   |  4 Pagespioneered the scientific principles of management. The scientific theory of management seeks to establish fa ctors that can improve the productivity of workers. Taylor believed that organizations should optimize the way their employees work rather than have them work as hard as they can. Taylor conducted time and motion studies that showed that individual employees are more efficient than others. This section shall discuss the principles of scientific management and show how the Four Seasons Hotel canRead MoreAn Integrated Conflict Management System1151 Words   |  5 Pagestoday Bank of America has become very conflict competent by implying an integrated conflict management system. They have integrated a Code of Conduct in their workplace and have organizations within their company to specifically deal with conflict resolution. Throughout history most major companies, like Bank of America, have changed their views on how they treated their employees to create an efficient work group. Major companies began to realize that conflict is normal and happens naturally andRead MoreConflict Ma nagement And Visionary Leadership971 Words   |  4 Pagescourse. These articles are about conflict management styles in various organizations using Nigeria as a case study. The authors Kaban Conar (2012) wrote this article â€Å"Conflict Management and Visionary Leadership† to find efficient conflict measures to resolve conflict without harming institution targets and activities. Prause and Mujtab (2015) looked into the current â€Å"Current Management Practice in diverse workplace† with the purpose of finding best conflict management style. Rahim (2002) researchedRead MoreIntroduction to Management999 Words   |  4 PagesThe formation of organization implies that a leader should take the role to control the activities of the group; the work done by the leader is what we call management. Organization and the definition of Management Organization is formed by a group of people who work together. No matter the organization is a profit making ones or non-profit making ones, its formations are to achieve a common purpose or variety of goals, which are the desired future outcomes. The outcomes might be producing aRead MoreError Avoidance in Postmodern/Cas Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesIn this new emerging world that we live in today managing healthcare organizations have been force to develop new ways to manage Healthcare organization From these changes of healthcare organizations the postmodern complex adaptive system has evolved. Before the development of this theory healthcare organizations have been unable to manage healthcare in an efficient and productive manner. From this inefficient management managers began to face new challenges which lead to poor choices, managersRead MoreRelationship Between The Senior Management Team Of A Company And The Junior Employees1392 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant role in an organization. It enabled employees from different departments to harmoniously work together towards the achievement of common shared goals. In fact, successful business relationships can only be maintained if employees hold impeccable interpersonal communication skills. In this paper, the focus will be on the business relationship between the senior management team of a company and the junior employees. In most instances, problems arise when the senior management team adopts a moreRead MoreAnalysis Of Frederick W. Taylor s Theory, Administrative Principles By Henry Fayol And Mary Parker Follett1003 Words   |  5 PagesThe history of management has been grouped into phases of development. Classical Management was introduced in the beginning of the 201th century. This addresses the organization’s search for efficiency on the basis that people will work for themselves and be economically beneficial. In other words, they work because they are determined by the economic concerns. Workers are expected to accept every opportunity that comes and they must work for it to achieve a personal and financial improvement. AllRead MoreMeeting At Seward County Community College Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesMeeting Characteristics for Conflict Management and Resolution Meetings are a common tool used by companies and organizations for a variety of purposes, and they can be implemented in a variety of ways. Properly implemented, meetings can be effective, productive, and increase involvement of the participants at the meetings. If not implemented properly, meetings can be costly as well as unproductive for both the leader and the participants. By examining recent meeting characteristics of WheatridgeRead MoreManagement Skills and Srategies to Personal Improvement Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesManagement skills and Strategies to Personal Improvement Today, all organizations use the core management skills to achieve their intended goals. The core management skills include planning, organizing, leading and controlling. These skills sets are very essential to all businesses and organizations, and help organizations to be effective. The skills are also crucial in creating healthy work environment for all employees. These skills have a direct effect on each task’s outcome and success of organizationsRead MoreCreative Decision-Making1280 Words   |  5 PagesCreative Management Creative Management Introduction Conflict resolution is a key to organizations continuation; not properly resolving conflicts can lead to persistence of a problem caused by the conflict. Various reasons can cause conflicts, and they should be properly addressed. In organizations, managers should use evidence-based practice during practice of their duties; this prevents unwise decisions. Creative decision-making can involve using evidence-based practice, to provide efficient services

Business Law 355 Tort Reform - 1946 Words

Sabrina Hood Business Law 355 Tort Reform Paper Since about the mid-late 1980’s many states have implemented and enforced statutes to limit tort lawsuits. Tort reform is the political term for redefining tort laws and reducing tort litigation, damages, compensation, and even amounts awarded (Quinn). The reformation of the nation’s tort system, or changing laws throughout a state dealing with injuries to a person or their property have done a lot more harm than good for consumers. While each tort reform law varies depending on the state, they all have one of the following goals in mind: â€Å"(1) to make it more difficult for injured people to file a lawsuit, (2) to make it more difficult for injured people to obtain a jury trial, (3) to place limits on the amount of money injured people receive in a lawsuit (Lane).† Tort reforms are laws that limit or reduce damages or awards in a specific state. People are in favor of tort reforms because they think that frivolous lawsuits are clogging the courtrooms, which is just not true. In 1992, the National Center for State Court’s (NCSC) data showed that only 2.4% all civil cases brought to court were of medical cases and only 1.7% were product cases. This very clearly shows that frivolous civil cases are not clogging the court room (The Free Library). In 2008, Senator John McCain made a claim for tort reforms by saying he wanted to pass them â€Å"to eliminate frivolous lawsuits (Quinn).† However, are all law suits frivolous? Is everyShow MoreRelatedTB11e 1031145 Words   |  125 PagesChapter 10 Contracts TEST BANK 1. The ______________ evolved in commerce over the centuries. a. law of contracts b. law of commerce c. law of trade d. law of documents e. law of freedom ANSWER: a (page 262) National:   AACSB Analytic;  Communication; AICPA BB-Legal 2. The ______________ evolved in commerce over the centuries. a. law of invention b. law of commerce c. law of trade d. law of documents e. none of the other choices are correct ANSWER: e (page 262) National:   AACSB Analytic;  Communication;Read MoreUnited States V. Arizona14319 Words   |  58 PagesUnited States v. Arizona: The Support Our Law Enforcement and Neighborhoods Act is Preempted and Discriminatory Melissa Goolsarran Table of Contents I. Introduction 1 II. Perspective: Immigration, Discrimination, and Limitations on State Laws 3 III. Background: United States v. Arizona 9 A. S.B. 1070 and the Legislature’s Justification 10 B. The Decision: United States v. Arizona 18 IV. Analysis: S.B. 1070 is Preempted by Federal Immigration Law and Also Discriminatory 23 A. The NinthRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pagesbetter, live longer GlaxoSmithKline Annual Report 2010 Contents Business review P08–P57 Governance and remuneration P58–P101 Financial statements P102–P191 Shareholder information P192–P212 Business review 2010 Performance overview Research and development Pipeline summary Products, competition and intellectual property Regulation Manufacturing and supply World market GSK sales performance Segment reviews Responsible business Financial review 2010 Financial position and resources Financial reviewRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pageschallenges currently facing organizations and managers. List and define each of the seven major categories of HR activities. Identify the three different roles of HR management. Discuss the three dimensions associated with HR management as a strategic business contributor. Explain why HR professionals and operating managers must view HR management as an interface. Discuss why ethical issues and professionalism affect HR management as a career field. ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  3 HR TRANSITIONS HR ManagementRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 Pagesof California, Mr. STARK, Mr. PALLONE, and Mr. ANDREWS) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Labor, Ways and Means, Oversight and Government Reform, the Budget, Rules, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned A BILL To provide

Us Healthcare Reform Free Essays

The new healthcare reform act recently passed will be fully implemented by 2014. Every person living legally in the United States will be guaranteed, under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, (PPACA), healthcare insurance. Across the United States, primary care doctors are already preparing for the full impact this will have on their practices. We will write a custom essay sample on Us Healthcare Reform or any similar topic only for you Order Now In keeping with the promise made by President Obama, physicians are already planning to increase their hours while trying to maintain patient care. With this new legislation, there will inevitably be growing pains, for the providers, the patients, and most all for the insurance companies, including Medicare and Medicaid. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) reports that over 16 million additional adults will be eligible for health care coverage with the new Healthcare Reform Act. That is a substantial increase in patients needing to find a Primary Care Physician ((PCP) ).Shawn Martin, director of government relations for the American Osteopathic Association, says, â€Å"We were really pleased with the emphasis put on primary care and the continuous and comprehensive relationship with the primary care provider. † The reforms will strain the nation’s primary care delivery system, he adds, but â€Å"there are ways of dealing with that. † (Bendix,  J. 2010,  May) Providers that are considered critics of the new reform bill, PPACA, say that while there may be ways of dealing with the growing demand on the w ay they deliver healthcare that does not mean that it will be inexpensive. The growing fear for the average Primary Care Physician is that while the government is busy regulating how they treat their patients: what diagnostic tools they will be entitled to use, which tests they will be allowed to order, and what medications should be prescribed, the compensation that they receive for their services will be cut. Still most providers are currently dealing with this increase is by referring existing patients to specialists that deal solely with their individual diseases: Diabetics will be referred to an Endocrinologist, Cardiac patients will be referred to Cardiologists and so forth and so on.Unfortunately, this system of dealing with the increase is a stopgap and will only prolong the agony; the Primary Care Physician ((PCP) ) will still be responsible for the overall care of their patients and will now have to keep track of the data generated from other healthcare providers. With the influx of new patients on the Primary Care Physician (PCP) , providers are coming up with other ways of handling the added patient load. Some Primary Care Physician (PCP) doctors are extending their hours of operations.Most doctors have implemented a cap within their practices to minimize the number of new patients that can be added to their schedules, thus keeping the impact on their existing patient load to a minimum. Still other (PCP) are preparing their established patients with the new reality that faces them all, patients will no longer have unfettered access to their Primary Care Physician (PCP) . Additionally, providers are concerned that not only will their patient load increase, but their reimbursements will decrease as well, thus creating an unnecessary burden on the practice as a whole.Hopefully, as more information becomes available, providers can put to rest their concerns. The areas most affected by this legislation are the areas of the country that have a shortfall of Family Physicians, Internists, and General Practitioners. Unfortunately, providers in these areas are going to be impacted the greatest. As more and more Americans gain insurance coverage the greater, the demand will be for their time and attention. The American Academy of Family Physicians predicts that an additional 40,000 primary care doctors will be needed over the next 10 years.As time passes, this new ground breaking legislation is suppose to decrease the number of patients treated through our Emergency Rooms (ER), thus keeping the cost of healthcare down. If there is any hope of this happening the number of (PCP) ’s has to increase before 2014, otherwise the patients that cannot get into see their (PCP) will resort to the ER for their non-urgent health issues, just to receive treatment. A cost analysis study was performed by the RAND Corporation and the results published on June 27, 2010.What they found was â€Å"Of all the proposals on the table that would expand health insurance to more Americans, the final health reform law included those that covered the largest number of people at the lowest cost to the federal government,† said Elizabeth A. McGlynn. Medicare and Medicaid (2010,  June). The RAND corporation was also charged with analyzing the inner workings of the reform act, they where asked to evaluate the feasibility of the PPACA to see if it was structured differently would the cost to the federal government would be any less.A couple of possible scenarios that they reviewed and analyzed were; if employers wi th fewer employees were required to provide coverage or pay a penalty how would that influence the cost to our government. Medicare and Medicaid (2010,  June). In essence, the RAND Corporation found in their study that by increasing the fine to $1,200 per person CMS (Center for Medicare and Medicaid) could realistically insure an additional 4 million people per year. Additionally, there are physicians that feel disappointed that the PPACA did not address their issues or concerns, especially compensation.For the past year providers across America held their collective breathe while, they waited to see if Medicare was able to push for a 21. 2 % decrease in payments. In the meantime, providers are seeking additional support form the AMA (American Medical Association). Providers want the AMA’s support in getting legislation passed that would allow â€Å"private contract† rights with Medicare patients, which would allow doctors to charge fees that exceed Medicare rates, with patients paying the balance out of their own pockets or with supplementary insurance making up the difference. Robeznieks,  A. 2010,  June). Furthermore, providers need to start preparing for more accountability when treating their patients. According to the PPACA, providers that are use to their current volume-focused, fee-for-service approach to practicing medicine will soon disappear. In the past, a provider was able to choose the manner in which they treated a patient. In an attempt to stop the raising cost and waste generated by providers in diagnosing patients some type of tracking system needs to be put into place. For centuries, medicine has been defined as the art and science of maintaining and restoring human health. Just like artists who have unique styles and interpretations when creating sculptures or paintings, physicians employ distinctive care delivery methods. In fact, each physician delivers patient care in a unique manner, even for the same type of patient with the same clinical diagnosis and procedure needs. Goodroe,  J.. (2010,  June). Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act represents a major opportunity to achieve numerous key goals at once: improving disease prevention; reforming care delivery; and bending the cost curve of health spending while also realizing greater value for the dollars spent.Reform-based initiatives could produce major gains in a relatively short time. The U. S. Department of Health and Human Services should develop an action plan detailing how the programs that the health reform law sets into motion throughout various agencies can work synergistically. It should also detail how best practices in finance and payment, in the organization and delivery of care, and in prevention can be expanded nationally. Thorpe,  K. ,  ;  Ogden,  L.. (2010). Addressing the compensation issue, in these key areas is what has turned the tide for the opposition concerning the Healthcare Reform Act.Providers want to be compensated for doing their jobs, and doing them well. Thomas Jefferson, former President of the United States, said â€Å"All, too, will bear in mind this sacred principle, that though the will of the majority is in all cases to prevail, that will to be rightful must be reasonable; that the minority possess their equal rights, which equal law must protect, and to violate would be oppression. † Whenever there is, change of this magnitude proposed there would of course be opposition. PPACA will provide healthcare, at a reasonable cost to over 40 million Americans, it will hold all providers to a higher quality of care, and inancially impede them if the care that they provide is not up to government standards, which have not completely been defined. Children will be allowed to remain on their parents’ insur ance plans until they are 26. Compensation to providers will be based on overall treatment of their patients with a bonus structure, still not ironed out, for getting patients healthier and then maintaining their health. Overall PPACA represents an obtainable reform with a little give and take on both sides of the party line as long as each side gives and takes equally. How to cite Us Healthcare Reform, Papers

Sustainability of Manufacturing and Services †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability of Manufacturing and Services. Answer: Introduction A recent outbreak of the ransomware attack The following report discusses about the accounting system of the Motherboards and More Pty Ltd. The main emphasis of the report is a detailed description of the revenue cycle that is mainly followed by the organizations with it identification of the threads which is incorporated in the system which is followed by the organization. The working of the threat of the ransom ware attack and with the attack the recommendation for the company is put forward. The system of revenue which is mainly followed by the company (Motherboards and more Pvt Ltd) with the aspect that the company is a medium sized and the ownership is private is precise. The main functionality of the company is the manufacture of motherboard, card and microchips graphics repairs across the Australia in a central city and the departments are located on the outskirts of the town (Wells Bravender, 2016). The payment is taken by the company on a credit card option by means of placing the order for the goods through the online website of the company. The order is invoiced and the main order is send to the ware house in order to the packing of the goods. This is mainly incorporated by alphabetical manner of the customer (Harris Kaplan, 2015). The source number is usually twenty in number and the overall orders which are going out is mainly more than that. When any item is lost the workers puts the process of logging in item in the log book so the item can be received or updated in the record. Identification of threats The following table discusses about the different threats which is being faced by Motherboards and More Revenue Cycle: Internal Control Weaknesses There is no physical counting of the inventory items. Impact These Weaknesses If the items are not kept a track of then if something gets lost then it will not be found Specific Internal Controls Tagging the items in the inventory and then keeping a track of the location the item was last stored can help in the tracking of the lost items. Also keeping an active connective closed circuit camera would help in looking after the warehouse floor (Sittig Singh, 2016). There are many small internal weaknesses which is organization is facing in the due source of time. The factor of allowing the customer to buy goods on credit basis was one of the major factors concerned in the factor, this issue directly decreased the factor of profit. The use of dock for the incoming and the outgoing delivery of the item can be indicated as the second point of emphasis, this related to problem creation within the operation of the organization. In any organization the database in order to keep the record of the customers plays a vital role , the company lags behind in this field (Kharraz et al., 2015). The factors of the weakness have a varied impact on the organization. Putting emphasis on the sales operation team, the policy of the company to provide goods to the customer on a trail period of 30 days hampered the overall working of the team. Overview of the Ransom ware attack The main factor which caused the problem was a self-replicating software piece that mainly took advantage of the different vulnerabilities with the main focus on older versions of Microsoft windows. Finding an exposed target, it spreads from system to system. the attack of the ransom ware resulted in demand of ransom which varied from an amount of $US300 and it mainly accompanied increase in amount on an hourly basis. The security holes where disclosed several weeks after by the shadow brokers, this group was a mysterious group that mainly published different hacking tools which was used by the NSA (Collier, 2017). Right after the discloser the Microsoft company issued softwares which mainly included the patches which was made for the loop holes. On the other hand, it can also be stated that many companies did bot install the patches or used older versions of the operating system which did not support the patches which was oriented to protect the system (MohurlePatil, 2017). The most disruptive kind of attack was targeted towards the clinics and the hospital which were in Britain. The case forced to turn away patients after the access of the computer system was not allowed due to the attack. There were many other countries which were involved in the attack for example Spain, Russia, Portugal. Cyber extortionist mainly ticked the victims in order to open malicious attachment which had the malware in order to spam emails that mainly appear to be contained in job offers, invoices, warning which are related to security and other files of legitimate. Recommendations From the above discussion it can be stated that the most important aspect that is related to the problem is that is the company Motherboard and Pvt Ltd faces problem with the tracking of the goods in their warehouse. The items have been tagged and kept in the shelf. The items should be tagged and number with the help of a radio frequency identification tags (RFID). This would help in knowing the location of the product and if an unauthorized way were taken up to take the item out of the warehouse then the tags would help in informing the authorities about the item being taking out of the warehouse (Gupta Tripathi, 2017). Conclusion It can be concluded from the report that the ransom ware attack on the organization has faced many loss of data in aspect to the financial condition and related to the company. The detailed study of the case study is mainly based on the drawback which is related to the technical drawback related to the warehouse. References Andronio, N., Zanero, S., Maggi, F. (2015, November). Heldroid: Dissecting and detecting mobile ransomware. InInternational Workshop on Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection(pp. 382-404). Springer International Publishing. Everett, C. (2016). Ransomware: to pay or not to pay?Computer Fraud Security,2016(4), 8-12. Faruki, P., Laxmi, V., Gaur, M. S., Vinod, P. (2012, October). Mining control flow graph as API call-grams to detect portable executable malware. InProceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Security of Information and Networks(pp. 130-137). ACM. Kharraz, A., Robertson, W., Balzarotti, D., Bilge, L., Kirda, E. (2015, July). Cutting the gordian knot: A look under the hood of ransomware attacks. InInternational Conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment(pp. 3-24). Springer, Cham. Mercaldo, F., Nardone, V., Santone, A., Visaggio, C. A. (2016, June). Ransomware steals your phone. formal methods rescue it. InInternational Conference on Formal Techniques for Distributed Objects, Components, and Systems(pp. 212-221). Springer, Cham. O'Gorman, G., McDonald, G. (2012).Ransomware: A growing menace. Symantec Corporation. Pathak, D. P., Nanded, Y. M. (2016). A dangerous trend of cybercrime: ransomware growing challenge.International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering Technology (IJARCET) Volume,5. Song, S., Kim, B., Lee, S. (2016). The effective ransomware prevention technique using process monitoring on android platform.Mobile Information Systems,2016.

Presence of Unidentified Flying Objects-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Presence of Unidentified Flying Objects. Answer: Extraterrestrial life, which is also known as the Alien life is the life that is present outside the earth and this life ranges from small microorganisms to another civilization situated outside the earth and advanced than the human civilization (Capova, 2013). This assignment will be discussing about the two phenomenon of extra-terrestrial intelligence such as UFO or Unidentified Flying Objects or personal encounters of it and will further discuss the motives of aliens to visit earth from both behavioral and scientific perspective. Sighting of UFOs are critically argued subject as people, who have not encountered such sighting, did not believe the fact that these phenomenon actually happened and several scientists such as Cremo (2013), supported their presence. Furthermore, the concept of UFOs is named as science fiction as maximum of the scientists did not believe on such topic. There are three motives of alien visiting earth such as to influence the future perspective of human society as, to enlighten the humanity and for the experimental use. According to Jinks (2012), aliens with higher technological reach, visited earth in past to affect the humankind. Furthermore, according to many famous alien abduction stories the abductees mentioned that aliens abducted them to experiment about human sex organs and to use human cells for their own racial existence. These reasons seems correct from both scientific and behavioral perspective as human visited other planets like mars to identify any sign of life (Vakoch, 2 017). Therefore the concept of UFOs remains critically accepted in the scientific as well as general community and the people did not encountered such phenomenon, did not believe on the presence of aliens. References Capova, K. A. (2013). The detection of extraterrestrial life: are we ready?. InAstrobiology, History, and Society(pp. 271-281). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Cremo, M. A. (2013). Human Devolution.Disinformation Guide to Ancient Aliens, Lost Civilizations, Astonishing Archaeology and Hidden History, 23. Jinks, A. L. (2012). Paranormal and alternative health beliefs as quasi-beliefs: Implications for item content in paranormal belief questionnaires.Australian Journal of Parapsychology,12(2), 127. Vakoch, D.A. (2017). Hawkings fear of an alien invasion may explain the Fermi Paradox.Theology and Science,15(2), 134-138.

Using the five key concepts, compare and contrast Erin Brockovich with The Insider Essay Example

Using the five key concepts, compare and contrast Erin Brockovich with The Insider Essay Audience: Both texts are of a socialist realist genre. They both tell the tale of working class people attempting to blow the whistle on a much larger corporation which is intentionally poisoning or polluting a commodity which consumers are obliviously utilizing. In the case of Erin, its the water supply which is being contaminated with a carcinogenic known as chromium-6. It is found later that it causes miscarriage, growth disorders and spinal problems in many of the people of Hinckley. The Insider tells the story of a middle-aged family-man who is made redundant for no apparent or plausible reason before being persuaded to go on a show watched by millions, 60 Minutes to expose his employers as lacing cigarettes and making them even more hazardous to health. Both films portray the little mans struggle. They tell the David versus Goliath story with which the audience can empathise because they are on their level. The demographic majority of movie-goers would feel compassion for the protagonists because they face the great exertion that is daily life for say, a single-parent mother struggling to cope with her three children and lack of career; or the middle aged, stressed out ex-corporate employee with a family to support and a house to keep. Values Ideology: Since both films are attempting to capture a real life feeling, the language is colloquial, and often littered with swear words. However, behind their language lies the narrative the two respective directors wanted us to see: a person coping with immense stress. We will write a custom essay sample on Using the five key concepts, compare and contrast Erin Brockovich with The Insider specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Using the five key concepts, compare and contrast Erin Brockovich with The Insider specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Using the five key concepts, compare and contrast Erin Brockovich with The Insider specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Crowes portrayal of a man under stress is exquisite, from the tone of the voice to the way he sits; he raises the intensity of the film to an almost unbearable level. Considering the difference between his character in Gladiator, Crowe does excellently in adjusting to the unheroic but determined family man he plays in Wigand. Julia Roberts sets out with nothing to lose, but ultimately gains everything she could ask for (including a six-month relationship with a man who adores her children). Its inspiring to watch, and gives the audience something to take away from the experience. Representation: Both directors use certain conventions to escalate the idea that we are watching true stories. From the way Erin smokes her cigarette after her failed interview, to the tense posture of Wigand in the hotel room as Bergman uncontrollably screams down the phone as he fears for his subjects sanity and perhaps his life. Contrasts are made throughout Erin which are used to prove the necessity of PG Es water monopoly to the people of Hinckley the scenery is barren, desolate. From the parched terrain of Hinckley to the courtroom saturated in red tape the respective corporations in each film are represented as overpowering, manipulative and even corrupt. Representation: The sheer financial power of PG E is shown in Erin Brockovich when they are quoted as being a $30 billion corporation, but their manipulative yet inconsiderate representative offers $250000 as a settlement which Erin comically discards. Institutions: Both films provide whats expected of characters with immense responsibilities whilst coping with enormous stress. Despite her professed aversion for lawyers (I hate lawyers! ), she incarnates many of the skills a lawyer needs to make a case go. As Erin tells us in the beginning of the film, she is good with people: a lawyerly skill just as important as legal research. Her ability to relate to the clients pain sets up the dynamic which allows the lawsuit against the giant utility to get off the ground. At the beginning of The Insider, Wigand becomes a rock under the pressure, and copes rather well before the corporate giants he faces at his dismissal. He is a family man, worrying about health benefits being lost after his redundancy because his daughter suffers from asthma. One of my favourite scenes in the film is when he comforts her: So whats whats happening to you now is cells called mast cells told your lungs dont breathe any more of that dust in. and the airways in your lungs are like branches. And when the branches close up, you get an asthmatic attack. And, we give you medicine, and you get better. Huh? Okay? Youre better already, arent you? By portraying both characters as loving and compassionate in their homes, yet determined, unwavering individuals against the outside world, the directors provided a perfect model for the real-life stories involved. Language: The scripts used for each protagonist involves a lot of swearing, which in my opinion is justified because it portrays the torment and anxiety they are facing. Erin is brash, upfront and is reluctant to authority. Wigand on the other hand is rather submissive to his past employers, but soon comes out of his shell when faced with the crisis affecting his family. The forceful speech in each text creates a sense of urgency and pressure, yet whilst in the home they are caring and benevolent, providing further contrasts to their character.

How does Shakespeare create a sense of tragedy in the final scene of Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

How does Shakespeare create a sense of tragedy in the final scene of Romeo and Juliet? Essay Four hundred years ago, late in the sixteenth century, William Shakespeare wrote The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet; a play that tells the tale of the love between the children of two feuding families, and the tragedy that becomes their love. Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet fall in love, then further dishonour, and in this course disobey, their parents by secretly getting married. When Romeos best friend Mercutio is killed in a brawl Romeo takes revenge (death) on his killer, Tybalt, Juliets cousin. Romeo is here by banished and has to leave Juliet to marry her fathers choice of groom: Parris. Juliet will not marry him and again disobeys her father. She takes a sleeping potion to make her appear dead. Romeo doesnt get this message and, on hearing the news of her death, goes to her tomb to take his own life. Juliet wakes up to find her love dead and in her pain takes also her life. Romeo and Juliet, is, by definition, a tragedy: 1) A play in which the protagonist falls to disaster through the combination of a personal failing and circumstances with which he cannot deal 2) Any dramatic or literary composition dealing with such themes. We will write a custom essay sample on How does Shakespeare create a sense of tragedy in the final scene of Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How does Shakespeare create a sense of tragedy in the final scene of Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How does Shakespeare create a sense of tragedy in the final scene of Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Defined by the Oxford Dictionary In this play Romeo and Juliet are the protagonists that fall to disaster. The disaster is their death and its surrounding circumstances. Both Romeo and Juliet also committed numerous personal failings during the play. For example, they both disobeyed their parents and brought dishonour to their families, which in Elizabethan times (when the play was written and first performed) were considered very serious personal failings. They both lied and deceived people. Romeo had also committed murder and probably misused several young women before he met Juliet. Although the text suggests this several times it does not actually state it. Although all of the above would be considered personal failings, the failing that, in my opinion, lead to the ultimate disaster (the lovers deaths), was Romeo and Juliets foolishness and hastiness with love. They barely knew each other when they got married and they were quick to resort to passionate endings that, in my opinion, might have been avoided if they had only given it some thought. However, the play was written at a time where people strongly believed in fate and not having any control over your own destiny. Therefore, the audience would not interpret the ending as being the protagonists fault, as I instinctively have. They would see the ending simply as tragic fate. Tragedies in Shakespeares time were traditionally written as revenge tragedies; plays where the protagonist nobly tries to take revenge for a wrong doing unto them, this in turn then ends up in tragedy. Hamlet is an example of a revenge tragedy written by Shakespeare. Many writers at the time of Shakespeare used the traditional format of the revenge tragedy. Webster wrote The Duchess of Malfi, Kyd wrote The Spanish Tragedy, and Christopher Marlowe wrote Tamberlaine. These are all examples of typical Shakespearian revenge tragedies. However, Shakespeare broke this tradition in the writing of Romeo and Juliet. Romeo and Juliet differs from the traditional revenge tragedy for several reasons, but mainly because it is based on the positive emotion of love, and not the negative emotion of revenge. Although it does contain elements of revenge, for example, Mercutio and Tybalts deaths, it is not the main base of the play, or even a central theme. Another difference between a typical revenge tragedy and Romeo and Juliet is that revenge tragedies usually have a focus on abstract ideas, like evil and revenge, which are often personified. Rather than using this device as a predominant theme in Romeo Juliet, Shakespeare uses the device as a minor theme: the personification of death. The technique of personifying abstract ideas enables Shakespeare to conjure up an image of death, an image that is used increasingly throughout Romeo Juliet. This makes the idea and prospect of death (one of the main themes in the play), even more terrifying, and in this process creates dramatic tension. Throughout the play Romeo and Juliet unknowingly prophesied their deaths and create illusions of death by its personification, this shows the audience that there is death looming in the future for the characters, although the characters do not yet know it. By telling the audience that the protagonists of the play are going to die, the tragedy of the play is heightened because it is obvious that fate has already decided their tragic end. Although Romeo ; Juliet is not a revenge tragedy it contains many of the distinctive characteristics, such as themes of violence (in this case vendetta), conflict, and strong women. However, Romeo ; Juliet has the added dimension of the love and tenderness of the lovers. One of the distinctive characteristics of tragedies throughout history is that the heroines often have very strong personalities. In act 2, scene 4, Mercutio innocuously compares Juliet to some of the most tragedy fated, yet ardent and strong women in the history of literature. Dido a dowdy, Cleopatra a gypsy, Helen (Line 41-2) Dido: Queen of Carthage, tragically committed suicide after her lover left her, Cleopatra: committed suicide after her lover left her, and Helen: for whom thousands of men died. These women were also very passionate lovers, which is the context in which Mercutio uses the comparison, but it is also a warning, an implication of danger for Romeos behaviour. It is another prophecy of the lovers tragic fate. Most of the audience would have known about these characters, because stories and plays were one of the main forms of entertainment in Shakespeares time. This is another point at which the play is spelt out to be a tragedy to the audience. In the case of Romeo Juliet, and many other tragedies, the ending has to be tragic because of the nature of the tale. In this case Romeo has committed many personal failings, crimes, and worst of all has disobeyed the monarch. Juliet too committed offences. A monarch cannot be seen to be letting people who have committed such offences walk free and have a wonderful life with their true love (or so it would have seemed at the time of their death), so the characters would have to be punished in some way, the most suitable way being death, for the play to be acceptable to the monarch. Putting two lovers to death would not be nearly as passionately tragic as them taking their own lives through a misunderstanding. Putting them to death could also look bad for the monarch, as the characters are been portrayed in a positive light to the audience during the play. The most fitful end would therefore be for them to be killed in another way. The idea of fate being very responsible for the love rs death, E.g. Ah, what an unkind hour/Is guilty of this lamentable chance! (Friar Lawrence, Act 5, Sc 3, L145-146), adds the implication of the lovers being punished by the heavens for the sins they have committed. This added bonus portrays the idea that people who have sinned will get punished, which is very appealing to a monarch, and would therefore give the play a lot of support. A big part of the way Shakespeare creates the ultimate sense of tragedy in the final scene is by gradually building up tragic tension throughout the play. One way, that I have already mentioned, in which Shakespeare builds up tension is by telling the audience what is going to happen in the rest of the play. On line 6 of the prologue when referring to Romeo and Juliet the narrator says A pair of star-crossd lovers take their life, and on line 9 refers to their love as death-marked love. This tells the audience, before the play has even begun, that Romeo and Juliet are fated lovers and will die by way of suicide. Throughout the play the lovers unknowingly prophesied their tragic death. Eg. Juliet, Act 3, Scene 2, Line 59 Vile earth, to earth resign; end motion here; And thou and Romeo press one heavy bier! Here Juliet prophesies Romeos and her death by wishing their bodies to be carried to the graveyard together on a bier and be buried, ending their life. By telling the audience that Romeo and Juliet are going to die, the tragedy of the play is gradually heightened because it is obvious to the audience that fate has already decided the lovers tragic end. Although the prophesising of the tragic outcome of the play is a major theme throughout the play, there are many other instances where Shakespeare tells the audience what is going to happen. These instances are not, however, as significant to the plot as those which are about the tragedy because climax of the play is the actual tragedy of Romeo and Juliets deaths, at the end of the play. Another technique Shakespeare uses throughout the play is that of oxymorons. For example one of the oxymoronic themes that runs throughout the play is appearance Verses reality. Eg. Juliet (talking about Romeo), Act 3, Sc 2, L 75, Beautiful tyrant! Fiend angelical! Both of these statements are oxymorons, and throughout this speech Juliet uses similar vocabulary. Juliet is lamenting Romeos beautiful appearance could hide an evil reality when she finds out that he has killed Tybalt. This theme of appearance Vs reality gradually heightens the tragedy of the play because appearance of something in the play is often not the reality of it, which causes the very confusion that leads to the lovers death. For example, at the end of the play Romeo believes Juliet to be dead when she is not actually so, and thus takes his own life. This is ironic as when Juliet earlier thought Romeo to be dead, instead of Tybalt, she talks of suicide. Act 3, scene 2, L45-47, Say thou but Ay, and that bare vowel I shall poison more I/Than the death-darting eye of a cockatrice. An Elizabethan audience would have seen this repetition of events as fate, because people believed very strongly in things like fate at that time. The idea of fate is paired up with the idea of freewill to form another oxymoronic theme. Many of the themes in Romeo Juliet are paired up as oxymorns. One of the main themes running throughout the play is light V dark (another oxymoronic theme). Throughout the play Romeo and Juliet are described in light imagery. Romeo (about Juliet, on their first meeting) Act 1, Sc 5, Ln 44 she doth teach the torches to burn bright! The mood of the scenes and characters is also heightened by the use of light V dark imagery throughout the play. Father Lawrence, who married Romeo and Juliet earlier in the week, tries to help Juliet by concocting a plan, and in so doing gives her a sleeping potion to make her appear dead. Friar Lawrence (talking to Juliet about telling Romeo their plan), Act 4, Sc 1, L 123, In this resolve: Ill send a friar with speed/To Mantua, with my letters to thy lord. The theme of poisons and love potions is a recurring theme throughout Romeo and Juliet. When the Friar is first introduced in the play he is tending to his herb plants, when Juliet has to marry Paris she takes a sleeping potion, and it is the method that kills Romeo at the end of the play. This theme was very popular in Shakespeares plays, and in the revenge tragedy genre generally. It held much fascination within the Elizabethan audiences. Although Friar Lawrences intentions were good his plan was flawed and Romeo didnt receive his letter, because the Friar that was sent to deliver it was quarantined after visiting an infected house. This mistake was the beginning of a series of confusions that lead to the tragedy of Romeo and Juliets deaths. On hearing of Juliets death from his servant, Balthasar, Romeo decides to go to Juliets tomb to commit suicide. This is ironic, as Romeo has already tried to kill himself when he was told of his banishment. It is also ironic that the first time Romeo tries to kills himself he tries to stab himself, because that is how Juliet kills herself in the final scene. Romeo going to the graveyard to kill himself is very passionate and so increases the tragic irony from here on in the play. The fact that Romeo has tried to kill himself more than once, has been in love with two different people within one week, and has had many brawls, perhaps shows that he is prone to passionate out bursts that may not come from true founded emotions. The questions over Romeo and Juliets true love for each other become more blatant throughout the play, and gradually heighten the sense of tragedy as the audience start to question whether or not their love is a fickle teenage fancy. From this point in the play until the climax, the audience suspect that Juliet will wake up to find Romeo dead. This increases the tragedy for the audience, because in the audiences position the tragedy is now foreseeable, and therefore stoppable. When Romeo goes to the tomb he is in a state of grief stricken fury. He uses commands to show how determined he is. Act 5, Sc 3, Ln 27 (to Balthasar) Do not interrupt me in my course He is determined to force open the tomb with a crowbar, to get proof of Juliets death. This shows that he very violent and although he has been portrayed as a violent character throughout the play, every time he has met Juliet this violence has subsided and been overcome with love. This time, however, the image of death and violence completely takes over, ending in Romeos death, and then the death of Juliet. When in the tomb Romeo wants to dwell on Juliets beauty as he loves her so much. Act 5, Sc3, Ln 29 to behold my ladys face He then takes Juliets wedding ring. Act 5, Sc 3, Ln 30-31 take thence from her dead finger/A precious ring I think Romeo took her ring with the idea that it was a part of Juliet, and that he was taking a keepsake of their love. This makes Romeo and Juliets deaths feel more tragic because it was so sentimental and passionate. From the moment Romeo hears of Juliets death he becomes very violent in everything that he does. He uses very aggressive language like savage, strew, tear, and fierce. Romeo has used violent language at interspersed intervals throughout his courtship of Juliet, mostly mixed in with his descriptions of his love. For example, dry sorrow drinks our blood (act 3, sc 5, l 59). At this point, however, the violent language is constant and completely takes over all sense or reason. In act 2, scene 6 Friar Lawrence warns Romeo of having an overly passionate love. On line 6 he says that, violent delights have violent ends. Romeos death is also unknowingly prophesied several times during the conversation. Before Juliet enters the scene the whole of the conversation between the Friar and Romeo is very ominous and much of the vocabulary is mimicked in Romeos death speech. Friar Lawrence (referring to Juliet), Act 2, Sc 6, Ln 11 The sweetest honey/Is loathsome in his own deliciousness Romeo (referring to Juliet), Act 5, Sc 3, Ln 101 Death, that hath sucked the honey out of thy breath Since the mimicking is spaced out within the speech it seems as though Romeo is using the same words unknowingly. This makes the audience feel that fate has something to do with the circumstance, but because the mimicking comes from words the Friar has said to Romeo the audience also feels that Romeo is having to pay the price from not heeding the Friars warning of exercising excessively passionate love. The two points are examples of the link back to the definition of tragedy: a combination of the protagonists personal failings (not listening to the Friar, and therefore not listening to God) and events outside the protagonists control (fate). As events such as these accumulate and worsen, the tragedy grows until the final climax. The atmosphere in the tomb is very sad, as it is associated with death, but at the same time it is quite eerie and foreboding. Pariss page voices: I am almost afraid to stand alone/Here in the churchyard Act 5, Sc 3, Ln 10-11. The play is staged so that both Paris and Romeo leave their servants outside, which allows for them to fight as the two honourable men duelling the love of a sweet maiden, as in the classic traditional love story. Although this small part lives up to the tradition, the tragedy is increased by them both thinking that Juliet is actually dead, and therefore are fighting for no reason. This does have the cover of them having feuding friends, but the fight allows the protagonist (Romeo) to triumph and reunite his love with Juliets in death. The ambience is also very peaceful when Paris is in the tomb until Romeo arrives. This poignant moment is interrupted by the stagecraft of Romeos arrival carrying a crowbar, which is an extremely violent image. There is a huge contrast between the previous stillness of the tomb and the violent interruption of Romeos anger. There is a very tender moment where Paris lays flowers at the tomb. He uses quite a lot of flower imagery, and calls her sweet flower and a rose by another name which contrasts to cursed foot that he calls Romeo when he arrives. This contrast creates an instant shift in the mood of the scene as soon as Romeo arrives, from peacefully sad and mournful to a much darker, passionately violent mood. At this point the audience start to wonder what if Juliet had chosen Paris instead of Romeo. Would that really have been so bad? Would that have prevented the tragedy? The scene in the tomb is very dark, as the characters need torches. Both Paris and Romeo ask for the light on entering. This links to the implication of them fighting over Juliet, who is described throughout the play and in this scene using light imagery. In Romeos final soliloquy Juliet is described as a lantern. The dark imagery used throughout this scene helps build up the tragic atmosphere because it is associated with darkness and death, which is associated with tragedy. The violent language that both Paris (murdered, banished, villainous, vile) and Romeo (womb of death) use after Romeos entrance strongly contrast to Pariss earlier tender words to Juliet in the tomb. This brings back the oxymoronic theme of love V hate that runs throughout the play. This gradually heightens the tragedy because one thing so good and one thing so bad are unbearably entwined. Juliet (about Romeo), Act 1, Sc 5, Ln 138 My only love, sprung from my only hate! The tone of this final scene swings between love and hate, peace and violence. First there is the stillness of Paris mourning over Juliet. There is the violence and anger as Paris and Romeo duel, and Paris is killed. Then the peacefulness is restored as Romeo grants Pariss dying wish, to be laid with Juliet. The passion, anger, and ultimately the compromise and forgiveness on Romeos part increase the tragic element, and restores Romeo as the noble hero after his ferocious madness. Romeo and Juliet are alone during Romeos final soliloquy, which therefore shows that he is telling the truth in what he says. This stagecraft means that when Romeo starts to describe his love for Juliet and addresses her my love, my wife the audience know that his feelings are true, and that the emotions which drove him to such previous madness where based on pure love. This final build up of emotion and outpour of Romeos true feelings is the tragic climax at the end of Romeos life. In Romeos final soliloquy he refers to his soul as betossed which means that as he dies he is disturbed so that his soul will not be able to rest. This would make the ending of the play extraordinarily tragic for an Elizabethan audience, because many of them believed that a soul couldnt go to heaven or hell until it had found its resolution. They believed it would wonder, aimlessly, and many of them thought that that would be a worse fate than hell itself. Romeo talks of Paris to Juliet, which increases tragedy because it affirms the tragic events in the audiences mind, and in Romeos mind, directly before he dies. Romeo believes himself and Paris to be the victims of sour misfortunes book, so he grants Pariss final request in a mood of compassion for his rival. This brings back the theme of fate V freewill, one of the themes that makes the whole play a tragedy because Romeo and Paris have no control over there fate in this series of situations. In Romeos final lines he admires Juliet for her beauty (beautys ensign). This is significant because he is not admiring her for her personality, which is known to be the key element of true love. The way he admires Juliets beauty in this final scene is similar to the way he says he loves Roseline; for her looks. Eg. Romeo, Act 1, Sc 1, Ln 215 O, she is rich in beauty Throughout act 1 scene 1 Romeo speaks about Roseline in rhyming couplets. This is a technique used in Elizabethan sonnets, the poems of true love. This implies to the audience that Romeo is truly in love with Roseline, which we then find out not to be the case when he falls deeply in love with Juliet, in act 1 scene 5. The fact that Romeos love for Roseline was so obviously capricious and shallow does not reflect well on his love for Juliet. Romeos lack of veritable love for Roseline causes the audience to question what his love for Juliet is based on, and whether or not it is a fickle love that, if given more time, would have cracked and broken. It is tragic if Romeo and Juliet die, but even more tragic if they die and dont love each other, because that means they have died without reason. This questioning opens a new dimension of tragedy to the audience and thus increases tragedy throughout the final scene. In the tomb, Romeo asks Tybalt for his forgiveness for killing him in act 3 scene 1. Act 5, Sc 3, Ln 97-101 Tybalt, liest thou there in thy bloody sheet? Forgive me, cousin! This reinforces the previous point that Romeos mentality is very changeable and not always terribly stable. It also tells the audience that Romeo has regrets when he dies, as Tybalt cannot answer his plea for forgiveness, which links back to the point that Romeos soul was disturbed when he died, making the outcome of the play even more tragic to an Elizabethan audience. Immediately before Romeo dies, in his final soliloquy, he imagines Death wants Juliet to himself (Ln 103, Death is amorous), so he determines to join her (Ln 129, Heres to my love! Thus with a kiss I die. This adds the bitter emotion of jealousy to Romeos collection of sentiments, which increases the tragedy because it is another negative emotion that Romeo is experiencing when he dies. He is not dying peacefully, as all Elizabethans, and people today, would hope for. Romeo is a character that has an amazing attitude towards death. In act 2, scene six, line 7 he says love devouring death. This is something Romeo says several times throughout the play, and is something he definitely lives up to. It appears to the audience that in Romeos eyes his love is devouring death by his suicide. It almost feels like Romeo is hysterically trying to get-one-over on death, because death wants to make him live in the suffering hes experiencing. This hysteria accentuates the depiction of Romeos pain and creates an overwhelming sense of tragedy for the audience. In the final scene, one emotion Romeo does not demonstrate is fear. Many of the other characters do show fear, but Romeo does not. This portrays Romeo to be a very brave and honourable man, which increases the tragic element because the audience dont want to see the hero of the play die. In act three, scene 1 and 2, Romeo prefers death to banishment. This reinforces the idea of him not being afraid of death, and being very passionate in the way that he thinks. After Romeo kills himself in the final scene, Friar Lawrence and Balthasar enter the tomb. They make quick exchanges, which insinuate urgency and fear, and they use a vocabulary of urgency, which also builds up tension. This is a big contrast from the previous atmosphere of Romeos courage and violence, as the tomb is now very peaceful, but the Friar and Balthasar are very fearful. They keep mentioning fear. Eg. Balthasar, Act 5, Sc 3, L 133, And fearfully did menace me with death. On line 128 of the final scene Friar Lawrence ways, Have my old feet stumbled at graves! If you stumbled it was considered and ill omen by Elizabethans. This increases the tragedy. Throughout the final scene Friar Lawrence keeps making references to fate. For example, on line 146 he says, Is guilty of this lamentable chance! Shakespeare uses these references in several ways: It is a very effective way of making the Friar seem like he might be denying guilt, which is fitting considering the amount he had to do with the lovers end. The Friar also occasionally mentions guilt, like in the previous quote, which suggests that it is on his mind. The usage of guilt brings the classic tale down to reality, where tragedy is at its most poignant, and gory. It is an unpleasantly real emotion that people can relate to, and would be normal to feel in the Friars situation. This also enhances the tragic dimension of the final scene because it is an example of the negative affects that Romeo and Juliets death has had. This guilt is something Friar Lawrence will have to live with forever, and that is a terrible and tragic burden in itself. Even though this vendetta between the t wo families has seemingly reached its tragic climax, there are still incredibly negative feelings simmering away. As proved throughout the play, it is exceedingly hard to extinguish these emotions without them first erupting and causing yet more trouble. This is a point the audience will note when increasingly heavy emotional burdens are placed on characters, such as the burden of guilt placed on Friar Lawrence. Another reason Shakespeare uses Friar Lawrence to refer to fate is to link back to its theme that began in the prologue and has run throughout the play. It would have been especially important for Shakespeare to carry this theme right to the end, because inevitable death is a lot more perturbing as a concept than consequential death. Consequential death occurs as a consequence of freewill, the oxymoronic theme linked with fate. It is therefore controllable and less disturbing. Considering the Elizabethans beliefs, this was a very real idea for them. Concern within the audience would increase the seeming tragedy. Friar Lawrence is the most suitable character to carry the theme of fate through to the end of the play because he is a man of god. Even though Friar Lawrence has repeatedly done wrong, he is still a priest, and still has that sanctity and connection with God in the audiences eyes. This gives the allusions to fate and God more weight, and omen. For the audience it is an obvious link with heaven that suggests God might be directly creating this fate and unkindly mocking them by making them aware of this fact. This horrible emotional manipulation that Shakespeare creates in the final scene increase the sense of tragedy. This idea is opposed to the current standard view that there is freewill within faith (taught by the Christian religion). However, at the time of Shakespeare, such ideas were under scrutiny, and a major strand of Christianity in the Reformation was Calvinism (John Calvin, 1509-64). This taught that the Elect were destined to be saved, and that others would not be (the Doctrine of Predestination). Thus the belief of the audience would not necessarily be surprised by a priest being subject to fate (as dictated by God). Additionally, Friar Lawrence was a Catholic, and might be shown to have a variety of beliefs held heretical by Protestants. Thus Shakespeare can demonstrate that God has complete power over everyone, and that all are at his mercy, without rebelling against the established religion and displeasing the queen. These themes of God, Fate, and Freewill are especially distinct in this passage. The references to, and differences between, the themes of God and Fate in this passage are very distinct. It is almost ironic that the two are so closely entwined because of the strong beliefs of the audience. Friar Lawrence and Balthasars speeches increase the time between Romeos death and Juliets awakening. This creates furthermore dramatic tension. There is also a lot of stagecraft that adds to the tension of the death passage. For example, just as Juliet wakes there is a noise from within. At this point in the play the there is absolute tension within the audience. Juliet has just woken up, and the audience are desperate to know what happens next. This stagecraft usefully reminds the audience that the Friar is still there, but is actually placed at this point to create dramatic tension by delaying giving the fraught audience a resolution. This technique is used earlier in the play, at the end of act 4, scene 5. There are some musicians talking to Peter, the Nurses servant. This part of the scene has no important relevance to the plot; it simply builds up dramatic tension by keeping the audience hanging in the air, waiting to know what happens next. The dramatic tension that is built up throughout this passage increases the tragedy by making it more emotional for the audience. The events surrounding Juliets awakening have the highest atmospheric tension in the whole play, although they are not the tragic climax. The audience are completely on edge, they are almost shocked that Juliet has woken up, and, with the Friars preceding words (L 159, Come go, good Juliet), are all willing her to leave her dead loves side and go with the Friar for a relatively happy ending. At this point Shakespeare gives a glimmer of hope that the audience grabs onto, this radically increases the final tragedy of Juliets death because it raises the audiences hopes so that they have further to fall to the pit of grief stricken tragedy that is inevitably looming. The audience are shocked that Juliet has woken up because of the tragic timing produced by the stagecraft. Friar Lawrence has just reconfirmed the deaths of Romeo and Paris for the audience, and therefore reopened the wound of grief. This stagecraft allows just enough time for the audience to slip into lamentation mode, when they are suddenly jolted back to the reality that Juliet has just woken. The audience grasp onto this sudden transition only to be hit in the face with the question of what Juliet will do next. This combination between fast and slow moving drama causes great emotion within the audience, which in turn amplifies the tragedy. Juliets death has been prophesised many times throughout the play, so this is in the back of the audiences mind leading up to her death, but they dont want to, and wont believe it until it happens. This is accentuated by small glints of hope that Shakespeare throws in. In fact, Juliet prophesises her own death when talking about having to marry Paris in act 3, scene 5, make the bridal bed/In the dim monument where Tybalt lies. This increases the sense of tragedy because the audience already knows she will die, but they become entwined in the emotion of the scene and cant quite believe the spelt out tragedy until it happens. This opens different tragic dimensions, therefore escalating the tragedy, as Shakespeare explores negative emotions, like denial. When Juliet wakes, her first question is about Romeo. This is ironic as he is already dead. Juliet immediately asking about Romeo demonstrates her love for him because it shows he is her first thought, and constantly on her mind. Juliets final soliloquy is much shorter than Romeos because it is dramatically symbolic of a short life. This increases the tragedy because it is very tragic to die so young. When the Friar renters the tomb, he urges Juliet to leave, as he fears discovery (Come go, good Juliet, I dare no longer stay L159), but Juliet refuses to leave (for I will not away 160) because she prefers to join Romeo in death. Juliet is usually compared to a flower, which is delicate, but in this scene she is rendered gallantly. Her valour in this scene is strongly contrasted against the Friars fear, just as Romeos is contrasted with Pariss fear earlier in the scene. This lifts Romeo and Juliet back onto the thrones of the hero and heroine, which increases the tragedy because it is where they will die. When Juliet refuses to leave with the Friar, she turns to look at her love. Whats here? a cup closed in my true loves hand? (Line161) Tragedy is increased at this point by the fact that Romeo has left no friendly drop of poison so she can share the moment of death with him. Instead, she uses his dagger, to stab, and kill herself, which is tragically ironic because of the theme of stabbing within the play. This is the climax of the whole play, the ultimate tragedy. She falls on his body as she dies. This enables their bodies to be physically together in death, but creates a sadly unbeautiful heap of bodies. This stagecraft enhances the tragedy because it fulfils the prophecies of them being to together in death, whilst leaving the audience stunned by the awful sight of their piled up bodies. When the watch found Romeo, Juliet, and Paris dead, they summon the Prince, the Montagues and the Capulets. In the Captains short speech he says, We see the ground whereon these woes do lie, /But the true ground of all these piteous woes/We cannot without circumstance descry. (Line 172-182) This is a pun which the Elizabethans would have understood and appreciated. However, it is ironic in the context in which it is being used, because puns were, as are now, usually used in humorous situations and jokes. This gives emphasis to the tragedy because it seems as if things are so tragic that there is nothing left to do but laugh. The Prince is the first to arrive at the tomb, closely followed by the Capulets. The Captain tells them both what they will find. Romeo dead, and Juliet, dead (Line 196) The repetition of dead accentuates the tragedy. He also uses language that equates the deaths to cattle, for example slaughtered. This emphasizes the tragedy because likening it animals takes away any passion, moral or reason for the death, making the deaths pointless. The Capulets then enter the tomb to find the sight of their dead daughter. When Lord Montague arrives at the tomb he tells the Prince that my wife is dead tonight. He says that she died of a broken heart, because Romeo was banished. This increases the tragedy because it adds another tragic event to the list. It makes Romeos death even more tragic for the audience because it is more of a blow for Montague after his wifes death. The fact that Lady Montague dies because Romeos banishment breaks her heart enhances the tragedy because she died in sorrow, due to the tragedy that is Romeo and Juliets love. The final tragedy is also made more tragic for the Capulets. Juliet was the Capulets only daughter, and the last time Capulet spoke to her was the night that she prophesised her own death. He was arguing with her about her marriage to Paris. He insults her. Act 3, scene 5, Line 184, And then to have wretched puling fool, / A whining mammet, in her fortunes tender This increases the tragedy by creating feelings of regret, guilt and again grief, that the Capulets will have to live with for ever, for the Capulets. When the Prince first talks about the situation he uses words quite mild vocabulary, which could be simply referring to an accident, like misadventure. Gradually the tone of his words darkens, and he uses words like fear, and foul murder. He is also fairly unsympathetic to the families at first, because they have caused so much trouble in the past, which increases the tragedy. When the two families find out about the deaths of their children they initially become angry, and blame each other. This mouth of outrage (line 216) heightens the tragedy because it shows that they are still at loggerheads despite the situation. The prince confirms this with the statement, See what a scourge is laid upon your hate (line 292). The Prince promises to investigate, with punishment of death. And then will I be general of your woes, /And lead you even to death. Mean tome forbear, (Line 219-220) The idea of the Prince being prepared to commit more murder increases the tragedy. The Friar begins to explain to what happened. I will be brief, for my short date of breath/Is not so long as it is a tedious tale. (Line 229-30) His explanation is very plain, devoid of imagery and punning. He uses very tragic vocabulary, and repeats words like dead. This emphasizes the stark nature of the tragedy. The Prince concludes. Where be these enemies? Capulet, Montague? See what a scourge is laid upon your hate, That heaven finds means to kill your joys with love! All are punished (Line 291-295) He is saying that this tragedy is a sign from the heavens that the Capulets and Montagues should bury their vendetta and renew it with love, as that is the way their children have died; through love. This is the ultimate reason for the tragedy, and the moral that the families should take away with them. The Capulets and Lord Montague, united in their guilty grief, shake hands and heed the Princes words. They decide to make a pure gold statue of the lovers. This is ironic as in act 4, scene 1 Romeo says, There is thy gold worse poison to mens souls, Doing more murder in this loathsome world, Than these poor compounds that thou mayst not sell (Line 80-83). He is talking to the apothecary and saying that the apothecarys poison is good compared to gold, and the corruption that it brings. This heightens the tragedy of the ultimate reason behind the play because it suggests that although the Capulets and Montegues have put their abhorrence behind them, the true problem still underlies. The corruption of money, which had a lot to do with the feud between the families in the first place, still, and probably always will, live on. A theme that runs through most Elizabethan plays is the use of weather to create a mood within the play, and on the stage. For example, in Macbeth the very first scene (where evil first emerges) is set on a foggy, miserable, heath. Throughout Romeo and Juliet the weather is used to symbolise chaos, usually in morbid scenes. For example, when Romeo goes to the tomb. Elizabethans would have been aware that chaos in the heavens meant disorder on earth. It was a common idea at the time that has links with many of their beliefs. A good example of how the weather is used is right at the end of the play. In the Princes last speech he says, The sun for sorrow will not show his head. This shows that the tragedy is so great that even the weather is affected. In the passages of the play that lead up to tragedy, there are usually references to stumbling. For example, there is stumbling before Mercutios death, and Friar Lawrence is in the Capulets tomb. Elizabethans believed stumbling was an ill omen, which therefore would enhance the tragedy because the tragedy has been foretold to the audience. There are also a lot of references to sighing in the tragic passages of Romeo Juliet. To Elizabethans sighing was also to lose drops of blood. Within the context that Romeo and Juliet was written one of the most tragic elements of the play is the very fact that the lovers committed suicide. In Elizabethan times suicide was considered unnatural, and they believed it led to eternal damnation. The lovers being forced into the situation where they commit suicide enhances the tragedy. This means Romeo and Juliet have been forced into eternal damnation for the possible outcome of the end of their parents (not their) vendetta. The morals of which are very controversial and possibly tragic. Shakespeare comforts the audience with some good at the very end of the play. Even though the lovers died, the families reconcile to the idea that there should be no more murder, and no more tragedy. However, a big point of this, and all other tragedies, is that no happy ending can compensate for all the deaths, and particularly not the death of the lovers. Shakespeare has written the ending so because audiences of the time would expect the families to reconcile to restore the natural order of things. Another example of this is in Shakespeares Macbeth. Macbeth had to be, and was, killed, as he had committed regicide and was a symbol of disorder and chaos. The rightful order must be returned and harmony restored for the story to have a real ending in the eyes of that genres audiences. This is a classic feature of this period of Literature. Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy in all meanings of the definition. It is piece of literature that ends in tragedy, and this comes about through a combination of fate and the personal failings of several people, mostly of Romeo and Juliet. The tragedy is built up through the whole play by the increase in tragic events, like deaths. This is culminated in the last scene by the climax of tragedy: Romeo, Juliet, and Pariss deaths. This tragedy is increased and enhanced gradually throughout the play, especially by the nature of events, the vocabulary many of the characters use, and tragic events outside the main plot. In my opinion the most tragedy surrounds the idea that Romeo and Juliet perhaps werent truly in love with each other. The circumstances of their love, and the characters of Romeo and Juliet, make me think that their love was based simply on a teenage lust. Personally, I find the idea that they both died for something so frivolous and unsubstantial incredibly tragic. I think that Elizabethans would have reacted much more emotionally than people do when they watch the original play today. There are many points that enhance the plot, emotion, and tragedy, which Elizabethans would have immediately picked up on and understood, because they were commonly used idea at the time, unlike for audiences today. Also, plays in Elizabethan times theatres were like cinemas are for audiences today. They used the language of people of that time, and therefore the audience automatically appreciated the contextual aspects of the play. However, it is obvious that Romeo ; Juliet is still a widely enjoyed play. The themes of love, death, hatred, jealousy and guilt, which the play is based on, are themes that universally effect people, and the original play is amazingly well written. This makes audiences of today still want to hear the tale again and again.

Free Essays on Mimbres Bowl

The Mogollon people took their name from the Mogollon Mountains in New Mexico. From 200 B.C. until about A.D. 1300 their culture flourished. During the Mimbres period (A.D. 1050- c. 1300), the fifth and final period of their short history, they built apartment buildings and drainage systems, and also created what is considered the most important and beautiful pottery from the American Southwest. While their disappearance remains a mystery, their pottery offers great insight into the Mogollon belief system. A quintessential Mimbres piece, this bowl is decorated with geometric designs rendered in the classic black-on-white style. The shapes represent the Mogollons' six perceived directions of movement, and the shamanistic figure of the quail seen here is typical of the Mogollons' realistic art. Just as often, Mogollon artisans painted fantastic images mammals with fishtails, for example, or wings. Many bowls featured scenes of animal-to-human transformation, an indication that the pots were used during religious events. Some archaeologists surmise that the swirling geometric patterns and more fantastic illustrations were inspired by hallucinations; like other prehistoric American cultures, the Mogollons were known to use psychoactive plants for spiritual, medicinal, and recreational purposes. Mimbres pottery was a crucial element of the Mogollon death ritual. Custom dictated that Mogollons be buried under their homes, curled in a fetal position. Prior to burial, a bowl to be placed on the head of the deceased was ceremonially and symbolically killed, the hole in the center of the bowl representing the fatal wound. The killing of the bowl freed the potter's spirit to accompany the dead person into the afterlife. In this way the Mogollons are not considered disappeared, but are believed to live on in their contemporary descendants. Over the centuries, much Mogollon pottery has been destroyed by looters, but a 1989 law passed in ... Free Essays on Mimbres Bowl Free Essays on Mimbres Bowl The Mogollon people took their name from the Mogollon Mountains in New Mexico. From 200 B.C. until about A.D. 1300 their culture flourished. During the Mimbres period (A.D. 1050- c. 1300), the fifth and final period of their short history, they built apartment buildings and drainage systems, and also created what is considered the most important and beautiful pottery from the American Southwest. While their disappearance remains a mystery, their pottery offers great insight into the Mogollon belief system. A quintessential Mimbres piece, this bowl is decorated with geometric designs rendered in the classic black-on-white style. The shapes represent the Mogollons' six perceived directions of movement, and the shamanistic figure of the quail seen here is typical of the Mogollons' realistic art. Just as often, Mogollon artisans painted fantastic images mammals with fishtails, for example, or wings. Many bowls featured scenes of animal-to-human transformation, an indication that the pots were used during religious events. Some archaeologists surmise that the swirling geometric patterns and more fantastic illustrations were inspired by hallucinations; like other prehistoric American cultures, the Mogollons were known to use psychoactive plants for spiritual, medicinal, and recreational purposes. Mimbres pottery was a crucial element of the Mogollon death ritual. Custom dictated that Mogollons be buried under their homes, curled in a fetal position. Prior to burial, a bowl to be placed on the head of the deceased was ceremonially and symbolically killed, the hole in the center of the bowl representing the fatal wound. The killing of the bowl freed the potter's spirit to accompany the dead person into the afterlife. In this way the Mogollons are not considered disappeared, but are believed to live on in their contemporary descendants. Over the centuries, much Mogollon pottery has been destroyed by looters, but a 1989 law passed in ...

Essay about Reading by the Creek

Essay about Reading by the Creek Essay about Reading by the Creek Reading by the Creek It was a warm beautiful afternoon in late August, when I was sitting at my teacher, Mrs. Haun’s desk. I was just a child, six years old at the time. I looked at Mrs. Haun as she was dialing my mother’s number she peered back at me with utter disgust. When my mother answered on the other line, Mrs. Haun said â€Å"Mrs. Miller , hello this is Mrs. Haun† she paused for a brief moment and began talking again saying â€Å"yes Nikki is just fine, I would like for you to come in and have a meeting so I can discuss with you Nikki’s lack of reading. I am available this afternoon, can you come in today† she questioned my mother, then Mrs. Haun said â€Å"I will see you this afternoon at 3 o’clock then, thank you†. Then she hung up the phone. She looked back at me and said â€Å"your mother will be here soon and she will be very disappointed in you†, I just looked down at my hands which I had crossed on top of my blue jean skirt that mother had me wear. I was so scared that my mother would be ashamed of me for not knowing how to read and that I would be in trouble. The rest of that once proclaimed beautiful afternoon seemed as dark as a cellar. Not knowing exactly what was going to happen. Finally, the time that I had feared had came it was 3 o’clock all of my classmates had already gone home. My mother walked into Mrs. Haun’s classroom where I was sitting in time out, the first thing my mother asked her was â€Å"why do you have my daughter in time out† Mrs. Haun quickly said â€Å"she is in time out for not knowing how to read anything at all†, my mother was furious at this point, she looked at me and instructed me to get out of time out. She then looked back at my teacher and said â€Å"Nikki is only six years old, how can you expect her to know how to read everything you send home. She’s just a child†, Mrs. Haun tried telling my mother that I had fallen behind the other children that were in my class on reading skills all because I wasn’t being raised by both parents and even went as far as telling my mother that I would never have the skills to learn how to read, write legibly, add, or subtract. After hearing all of Mrs. Haun’s negativity about my upbringing , my mother looked at me and gave me and told me that I didn’t have anything to worry about , then she turned her attention back to my teacher. The words that came out of my mother’s mouth I will never forget, she said â€Å"I am not sure who you think you are to say that my daughter will never be as good as another student because she doesn’t have two parents raising her, since you brought it up, she didn’t have an option to have both of her parents, her father, my husband was killed two years ago in a car accident, but since you think my daughter can’t or won’t be able to do everything in school as well as another child, I will make sure you regret passing judgment on us or punishing Nikki for trying her best†. Mrs. Haun just sat there in a daze, she almost looked like a deer caught in the headlights of an oncoming vehicle, she started to say something, but my mother cut her off before she could, my mother then thanked her for her time and told her that she would see to it that I would get caught up before Christmas break . Mother instructed me to get my things and wait for her in the hallway that she needed to have a moment with my teacher, I did as she asked. I am not sure what was said between my mother and my